現(xiàn)代偵察技術(shù)的飛速發(fā)展使與之相對(duì)抗的偽裝、反偵察的隱身技術(shù)成為現(xiàn)代戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)的必需，偽裝體系特別是偽裝網(wǎng)是對(duì)抗偵察的有效手段之一。偽裝網(wǎng)是一種在軍事上用來(lái)遮蓋武器裝備或固定目標(biāo)以達(dá)到低可探測(cè)性的織物。其偽裝原理是利用偽裝網(wǎng)組成拱起或者平面的遮障，和周?chē)孛箔h(huán)境相適應(yīng)，以此來(lái)增加敵方的偵察識(shí)別難度。同時(shí)，其還能減弱遮障下裝備的平面反射，改變裝備的外形特征，起到對(duì)抗熱紅外成像偵察和雷達(dá)反射波偵察的效果。

　　The rapid development of modern reconnaissance technology has made camouflage and anti reconnaissance stealth technology necessary for modern warfare, and camouflage systems, especially camouflage nets, are one of the effective means of countering reconnaissance. A camouflage net is a type of fabric used in military applications to cover weapons, equipment, or fixed targets in order to achieve low detectability. The camouflage principle is to use camouflage nets to form arched or flat barriers that are adapted to the surrounding terrain environment, in order to increase the difficulty of enemy reconnaissance and identification. At the same time, it can also reduce the planar reflection of equipment under obstruction, change the external characteristics of equipment, and have the effect of countering thermal infrared imaging reconnaissance and radar reflection wave reconnaissance.

　　雙面?zhèn)窝b網(wǎng)是用于地面機(jī)動(dòng)裝備和固定設(shè)施偽裝的專(zhuān)用器材，偽裝網(wǎng)采用適合南北方林地、荒漠、高原、海島和雪地等不同背景的斑塊圖案設(shè)計(jì)，而且采用雙面印花、拼花的全新設(shè)計(jì)方式，使其視覺(jué)特征近似于自然生態(tài)的特點(diǎn)，從而更加適合在不同地形、地貌使用。

　　Double sided camouflage net is a specialized equipment used for camouflage of ground mobile equipment and fixed facilities. The camouflage net adopts patch pattern design suitable for different backgrounds such as forests, deserts, plateaus, islands, and snow in the north and south, and adopts a new design method of double-sided printing and mosaic, making its visual characteristics similar to the characteristics of natural ecology, making it more suitable for use in different terrains and landforms.

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　　偽裝網(wǎng)的種類(lèi)

　　Types of camouflage nets

　　（1）林地型偽裝網(wǎng)：正面為南方春夏季節(jié)使用的偽裝網(wǎng)面，由深綠、中綠、黃綠和沙土等 4 種顏色斑點(diǎn)組成，適應(yīng)春夏植被生長(zhǎng)茂盛背景；反面為秋冬季節(jié)使用的偽裝網(wǎng)面，由深綠、中綠、黃土和褐土斑點(diǎn)組成，適應(yīng)林地背景秋冬植被落葉、枯萎和休眠季節(jié)或植被背景，近紅外線反射率與其背景基調(diào)相適應(yīng)。

　　(1) Forest type camouflage net: The front is a camouflage net used in the southern spring and summer seasons, consisting of four colors of spots: dark green, medium green, yellow green, and sandy soil, suitable for the background of lush vegetation growth in spring and summer; The reverse side is a camouflage mesh used in autumn and winter seasons, composed of dark green, medium green, loess, and brown soil spots, adapted to the forest background, autumn and winter vegetation shedding, withering, and dormancy seasons, or sparse vegetation background. The near-infrared reflectance is adapted to its background tone.

　?。?）荒漠型偽裝網(wǎng)：正面適用于沙漠或黃土高原少植背場(chǎng)景，由淺沙、沙土、褐土、黃土斑點(diǎn)組成；反面為戈壁灘地貌偽裝網(wǎng)面，由淺沙、沙土、黑石和深綠斑點(diǎn)組成，近紅外線反射率與其背景基調(diào)相適應(yīng)。

　　(2) Desert type camouflage net: suitable for desert or Loess Plateau scenes with few plants on the back, consisting of shallow sand, sandy soil, brown soil, and loess spots on the front; The reverse side is a camouflage mesh of Gobi desert terrain, composed of shallow sand, sandy soil, black stone, and dark green spots, with near-infrared reflectivity adapted to its background tone.

　?。?）雪地型偽裝網(wǎng)：正面為全積雪偽裝網(wǎng)面，為全白色；反面為部分積雪偽裝網(wǎng)面，由白色、黃土兩種顏色斑點(diǎn)組成。白色偽裝色在紫外光譜350 nm處的反射系數(shù)≥70%，白度≥90。

　　(3) Snow type camouflage net: The front is a full snow camouflage net surface, which is all white; The reverse side is a partially snow covered camouflage mesh, composed of white and yellow spots. The reflection coefficient of white camouflage color at 350 nm in the ultraviolet spectrum is ≥ 70%, and the whiteness is ≥ 90.

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　　偽裝網(wǎng)制造工藝

　　Manufacturing process of camouflage net

　　面料選擇：采用高強(qiáng)滌綸長(zhǎng)絲以井字平格織造方式由噴水織機(jī)進(jìn)行織造，基布重量≤100 g/m2，坯布經(jīng)過(guò)精練退漿處理，定形成品有效門(mén)幅150 mm，這樣既能提高偽裝網(wǎng)面料的拉伸及撕破強(qiáng)力，又能減輕偽裝網(wǎng)的重量，便于架設(shè)使用和運(yùn)輸。

　　Fabric selection: High strength polyester filament is used to weave the camouflage net fabric in a cross shaped flat grid weaving method using a water jet loom. The base fabric weight is ≤ 100 g/m2, and the fabric is refined and desizing treated to form a finished product with an effective width of 150 mm. This not only improves the tensile and tear strength of the camouflage net fabric, but also reduces the weight of the camouflage net, making it easy to install, use, and transport.

　　圖案設(shè)計(jì)：面料開(kāi)發(fā)時(shí)需注重斑塊顏色與斑塊面積的搭配比例，使斑塊之間的過(guò)渡更加順暢自然，圖案斑點(diǎn)設(shè)計(jì)更趨科學(xué)，與自然光線投下的斑點(diǎn)深淺度吻合性更高，具有立體層次感，符合自然界的實(shí)際情況，從而使偽裝特征更加顯著。

　　Pattern design: When developing fabrics, attention should be paid to the matching ratio of patch color and patch area, making the transition between patches smoother and more natural. Pattern spot design should be more scientific, with higher consistency with the depth of spots cast by natural light, and have a three-dimensional sense that conforms to the actual situation of the natural world, thus making the camouflage features more prominent.

　　涂料選擇：為保證涂料能夠均勻地分散在漿料中，具有較好的穩(wěn)定性，著色力強(qiáng)，遮蓋力好，耐光性能優(yōu)越?？蛇x用品種多、色譜廣、色澤鮮艷度和著色力高的有機(jī)涂料（白色涂料選擇在紫外光譜內(nèi)具備高反射率的無(wú)機(jī)材料）。

　　Coating selection: To ensure that the coating can be evenly dispersed in the slurry, has good stability, strong coloring power, good covering power, and superior light resistance. Organic coatings with a wide variety, wide spectrum, bright color and high coloring power can be selected (white coatings should be made of inorganic materials with high reflectivity in the ultraviolet spectrum).

　　阻燃涂色整理：采用涂層的方法賦予面料耐久性阻燃性能，選擇阻燃劑與涂層膠并按 8∶5 比例，輔以所需的有機(jī)、無(wú)機(jī)顏料混合而成，然后在面料兩面各刮涂一次，單面刮涂增重約20 ～ 25 g/m2，然后在160 ℃下烘40 s。這樣能有效防止在后續(xù)印花過(guò)程中色漿滲化引起的正反兩面顏色的相互影響，進(jìn)而保證偽裝網(wǎng)顏色的準(zhǔn)確性。這種方法既可以達(dá)到面料阻燃的技術(shù)要求，同時(shí)面料兩面也印上了底色，從而減少了印花的套色數(shù)。

　　Flame retardant coating and finishing: The fabric is endowed with durability and flame retardant properties by coating. Environmentally friendly flame retardants and coating adhesives are selected and mixed in an 8:5 ratio, supplemented with the required organic and inorganic pigments. Then, the fabric is scraped and coated on both sides, with a weight gain of about 20-25 g/m2 on one side. Finally, it is dried at 160 ℃ for 40 seconds. This can effectively prevent the mutual influence of colors on both sides caused by the infiltration of color paste during the subsequent printing process, thereby ensuring the accuracy of the camouflage net color. This method can meet the technical requirements of flame retardancy for fabrics, while also printing the base color on both sides of the fabric, thereby reducing the number of color combinations in printing.

　　印花漿料選擇：涂料對(duì)纖維沒(méi)有親和力，所以不能像染料一樣通過(guò)與纖維的相互作用而上染，涂料與纖維的結(jié)合必須依賴(lài)于黏合劑膜的包覆及黏合劑大分子對(duì)纖維的黏附作用。 按底膠：面膠∶消光PU膠= 4∶3∶3 的比例混合，并加入2%的交聯(lián)劑、4%的鈦白漿（提高涂料的遮蓋力）、1%的防霉劑，用增稠劑調(diào)合適黏度，攪拌均勻后，制成印花漿備用。將所需顏色的涂料色漿加入印花漿攪拌均勻后印花，烘干后印花表面無(wú)黏連現(xiàn)象，各種牢度均較好。

　　Printing paste selection: Coatings do not have affinity for fibers, so they cannot be dyed through interaction with fibers like dyes. The bonding between coatings and fibers must rely on the coating of adhesive film and the adhesion of adhesive macromolecules to fibers. Mix the base adhesive: surface adhesive: matte PU adhesive in a ratio of 4:3:3, and add 2% crosslinking agent, 4% titanium dioxide slurry (to improve the covering power of the coating), and 1% mold inhibitor. Adjust the viscosity to the appropriate level with a thickener, stir evenly, and prepare a printing paste for later use. Add the required color coating paste to the printing paste and stir evenly before printing. After drying, there is no adhesion on the printing surface, and the various fastness are good.

　　確定面料及涂料、漿料后，在經(jīng)過(guò)阻燃涂色整理的面料上按色光要求進(jìn)行印花打樣配色，配色結(jié)束后，需要配制每種顏色生產(chǎn)所需的色漿，色漿配好后需要再次復(fù)小樣確定每種顏色色光是否符合要求，只有符合色光要求后才能用于平網(wǎng)印花。

　　After determining the fabric, coating, and paste, print samples and color matching according to the color requirements on the fabric that has undergone flame retardant coloring finishing. After the color matching is completed, it is necessary to prepare the color paste required for each color production. After the color paste is prepared, a sample needs to be made again to determine whether each color shade meets the requirements. Only when it meets the color shade requirements can it be used for flat screen printing.

　　隨著各種高新偵察技術(shù)的研制與應(yīng)用，作為偽裝器材重要組成部分的偽裝網(wǎng)必將受到廣泛的關(guān)注，這就要求相關(guān)生產(chǎn)企業(yè)要不斷更新偽裝網(wǎng)面料的功能，開(kāi)發(fā)新型偽裝網(wǎng)，與時(shí)俱進(jìn)，這樣才能適應(yīng)紛繁復(fù)雜的國(guó)際戰(zhàn)場(chǎng)環(huán)境。

　　With the development and application of various high-tech reconnaissance technologies, camouflage nets, as an important component of camouflage equipment, will inevitably receive widespread attention. This requires relevant production enterprises to constantly update the functions of camouflage net fabrics, develop new types of camouflage nets, keep up with the times, so as to adapt to the complex international battlefield environment.

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